Tips to Deal with Kidney Stones and Prevent Their Recurrence.
When certain substances, such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid, become concentrated enough to form crystals in the kidneys, kidney stones are formed. These crystals grow larger in size and eventually develop into “Stones”. Generally, 80–85% of kidney stones are made up of calcium. Some stones made up of uric acid are also found in people with low urine pH levels.
After their formation in the kidneys, the stones move and pass to the ureter and block the flow of urine. This leads to prolonged periods of intense pain, including flank pain (pain in one side of the body between the stomach and the back), sometimes with blood in the urine, nausea, and vomiting. They may cause frequent urination, bladder pressure, or pain in the groin as the stones pass down the ureter towards the bladder.
Dealing with the passing of the stone
Kidney stones generally take from several weeks to a few months to pass; the duration depends on the number of stones and their size.
Easily available pain-relieving medicines like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB), acetaminophen (Tylenol), or naproxen (Aleve), can help to reduce the pain making it easier to endure until the stone passes.
Some doctors may also prescribe an alpha-blocker, which relaxes the muscles in your ureter and helps pass stones quicker and with less pain.
If the pain is too intense to handle, or if the stones are too large to pass they can be surgically removed with a procedure called a ureteroscopy. In this procedure, a small endoscope (a device with a miniature video camera and tools at the end of a long tube) is passed into the bladder and up the ureter while the person is under general anesthesia. A laser is used to break up the stones and the remaining fragments are then removed.
Steps to Prevent Kidney Stones
Kidney stones are very commonly found and can easily recur once a person has had them. There are some very simple steps to help prevent them. Given below are some common practices that can help in preventing kidney stones.
Drinking sufficient amounts of water:- An analysis from the National Kidney Foundation conducted in 2015 concluded that people who produced 2 to 2.5 liters of urine daily were 50% less likely to develop kidney stones as compared to the ones who produced less. On average about 15.5 cups (3.7 liters) of fluids a day should be consumed by men and about 11.5 cups (2.7 liters) of fluids a day by women.
Skipping high-oxalate foods:- Foods such as spinach, beets, and almonds, raise oxalate levels in the body. However, low oxalate foods in moderate amounts are okay for consumption.
Consume lemons: Citrate, a salt in citric acid, binds to calcium and helps block stone formation.
Less sodium intake:- Kidney stones can be triggered by high sodium consumption because it increases the amount of calcium in the urine. Federal guidelines suggest limiting total daily sodium intake to 2,300 milligrams (mg). If sodium has contributed to kidney stones in the past, try to reduce your daily sodium to 1,500 mg.
Consume less animal protein:- Heavy consumption of animal protein such as meat, eggs, and seafood, boosts the level of uric acid.
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